Which ingredient is primarily used in traditional waving lotions?

Karaya gum is primarily used in traditional waving lotions due to its thickening and gelling properties. This natural gum, derived from the sap of the Sterculia tree, provides the necessary hold and structure for the hair to maintain waves after styling. Its unique ability to form a flexible film allows hair to set in desired shapes while also adding moisture and reducing frizz, making it a preferred choice for creating defined curls or waves.

In contrast, glycerin, alcohol, and silicone serve different purposes in hair care products. Glycerin is a humectant that draws moisture into the hair and skin, but it does not impart the same structural hold as karaya gum. Alcohol can be included for its quick-drying properties, but it can also be drying to hair and is not the main agent for holding waves. Silicone, known for its smoothing and shine-enhancing properties, does not have the intended effect on hair waves as karaya gum does.